September 28, 2003

Do Essay Comments Matter?

Posted by Michael Arnzen at 2:06 in Praxis.

Buried below (in the post on "Commenting"), Dr. John Spurlock raised the issue of whether or not commenting on student papers really makes a difference in student learning: "Do we know that commenting works? What kinds of comments work best? Are there tactics that should be used in addition to or in place of comments?" Many students don't bother to read the marginal notes and just quickly scan for a grade; others never bother integrating the feedback into their next effort. What can we do about this, to open up a dialogue?

I empathize with this frustration. But I think copious comments do matter, for reasons that might not be self-evident....

First, I don't have any hard evidence about whether or not commenting makes a difference, but I can come up with some good justifications for marking up a paper with plenty of feedback:


  • for a student faced with the prospect of revision for a better grade, they comments make a huge difference... I comment heavier when I know they are going to revise the paper (and I usually ask for a rough and final draft in most classes, not just freshman seminar)
  • some students will read what we write and integrate it into their learning, so end comments that include corrections or extra ideas might prove to be a "teaching moment"
  • comments can function as "notes-to-self" when counseling the student in your office
  • some students will learn how to critique others (i.e., pick up editing skills) from imitating our methods ... this is important if they are planning on becoming teachers.
  • comments don't just justify a grade, they prove that you're listening to what they have to say, which might encourage more critical approaches in the future
  • comments they don't read now, they might read later when compiling their portfolio or assembling some other evidence for the future

Well, I'm sure there are plenty more reasons to give lots of feedback on student writing. In a first stab at finding articles on this topic, I found a slew of places that offer advice on writing effective comments. In "Grading as Teaching" Marie Secor contends that our role is four-fold, as editor, judge, coach, and general reader. Perhaps the students need to see themselves as addressing those four types of audiences, as well? I think one of the best ways to get them to do so is to "workshop" -- to allow peer editing and revision. In our freshman comp courses at STW we generally withhold grades on drafts and ONLY give comments on papers, allowing students to choose which drafts to revise for a grade. It seems to send the message that this isn't just producing evidence to get the grade, but engaging in a process of thinking through writing.

I'm rambling a bit. This topic is large and requires more investigation... I'll post more as I find it.

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Comments

Mike, when you teach film, or literature, how does your commenting change? Comments in a writing class would serve a different function than those in a content course.

I find that putting comments on rough drafts is more valuable than putting them on final drafts -- I've found the key is, if I allow revisions at all, to make the revision mandatory, and not to record any score at all (that is, record an F) unless the student submits an acceptable revision. (I do that for major assignments).

I've been disappointed in the past when I've put a lot of effort into commenting on final papers, only to find that more than half of the students don't bother to pick up their papers at the end of term. Even when I make the effort to have their papers ready for them to pick up after the final exam, some still don't bother to pick them up on their way out.

Posted by Dennis G. Jerz at 13:12 on September 28, 2003. #

Oh I totally empathize with you on that last score, Dennis! I have boxes filled with papers students never picked up and my scribbles are all over them...there's no getting around the fact that it can feel like wasted time & energy. It's little consolation to suggest that the act of marking up a paper benefits the grader in that we learn a little something from every paper we process. It's really moot whether the student integrates it or not, we have to always act as if they will. And like I suggested, that integration might come later when, say, they're assembling their portfolio.

These are big issues; not so easy to pin down. My methods are generally the same across the board when it comes to paper assignments (and students often report that I ask them to do "too much" writing or that I'm "too hard" for grading it so closely)...not sure I agree with them about that -- they report this because I usually ask them to write at all in the first place when they expect to only take tests and so forth.

But to answer your question: I don't so easily separate form from content when I grade in non-writing (content-based) classes. In both cases, my marginal notes apply critical thinking to what I'm reading. Writing courses also include comments on style and paragraphing and rhetorical appeals and such... but I also find myself leaving similar comments on the film and lit papers as I do on freshman comp papers. The biggest difference is in end comments and the occassional factual correction in the margins. But again, it's usually a matter of critical thinking more than anything else... I raise questions at issue rather than posit truth claims. Not always, but usually. I guess teaching lit/film lends itself toward interpretive issues anyway, so I really just test the student's analytical thinking and argument, rather than, say, the historical accuracy or integration of content from the textbook.

Great comments!

Posted by Mike Arnzen at 18:46 on September 28, 2003. #

At the high school where I taught, we try to model the writing process:

1. writing a draft
2. critiquing the draft--workshopping, making comments (written or spoken)
3. revision
4. publication/final draft for turn-in

When I make the students do a major writing assignment, I give them at least a month before the final due date, and we do steps #2 and #3 at least two times before they finally turn it in. it saves me time because students get to critique each other's work, and by the time I need to make my own comments, I see that some of their peers have already written down things I would have said.

Of course, there are students who don't care, even after I have commented and warned them of a possible failing grade, and only turn in a paper with corrected spelling and punctuation. For students who take their work seriously, they realize the commentary and revision steps are the most important, not just for a better grade, but also as a key to their learning and understanding.

As for their portfolios, all writing assignments--good and bad-- are included in their file. This is good for students with good grades, but very unlucky for students who don't care, for a bad essay can follow them all the way through high school.

Posted by GRG at 20:44 on September 28, 2003. #

In spite of my skepticism about comments, I continue to write on student papers. In WCT students typically do not have a chance to rewrite a paper, but they do the same kind of paper repeatedly. They should eventually improve. Some do, and some clearly benefit from my comments. Others don't improve or benefit. It is obvious that in this particular course I need to introduce some form of revision and also some for of peer workshoping (in fact, I have something of that kind, but it could obviously be improved). But something that seems implicit in both the comments above is that students pay attention when they see that the comments matter. I wonder if there are tactics to make the students value their writing, or desire to impress their audience, enough that they will pay attention to advice, comments, and suggestions, and even perhaps seek these out? I don't have suggestions here, only questions.

Posted by John Spurlock at 14:23 on September 29, 2003. #

Hi do you know any source of comment samples to use by a tutor in responsing the essays of undergraduate student.if yes please send it to my email.
All the best
Hashem

Posted by Hashem Bohman Lolian at 09:01 on January 24, 2006. #

I found that simply asking my high school students who especially would like my comments on their rough drafts gave me a better idea of who was going to actually use them. The four or five students per class who raised their hands showed me who really were interested in having me respond more as a coach for them. I'm still tinkering with this approach since my district has a rubric all English teachers are to use, but in general, it has helped me give more time to those who will actually use the feedback. :)

Posted by Beseder18 at 15:19 on June 12, 2006. #

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